Knowledge Base: SLPL තරඟ කාල සටහන

Knowledge Base: SLPL තරඟ කාල සටහන: Date and Time Match Weather  Sat Aug 11             10:30 GMT | 16:00 local 16:00 IST Nagenahira Nagas v Ruhuna Royals R Premadasa St...

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Intel sets timeline to develop world's first conflict-free processor

  Intel is preparing to produce the world’s first conflict-free processor by the end of 2013. The revelation comes as part of the company’s recently-released Corporate Responsibility Report 2011 that outlines a number of green efforts though 2020.
Conflict materials are those that are mined in regions that contain armed conflicts or human rights issues – a good example of this is the Democratic Republic of the Congo. According to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, money earned from the export of minerals from conflict regions is a solid source of funding for armed groups. As you can imagine, this isn’t exactly good PR for tech companies.

  Intel has declared intentions to become conflict-free across four key minerals: gold, tantalum, tin and tungsten by the end of 2013. In fact, the company plans to achieve the tantalum goal by the end of this year. This essentially means that next-generation microarchitecture Haswell processors could be the first ever to contain conflict-free materials.
Other environmental goals include a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and water use per processor manufactured as well as increasing the efficiency of data centers and notebook computers by 25 times through 2020.
There are also plans to build new facilities in Arizona, Costa Rica, China, Israel and Malaysia that would meet LEED Silver Certification in addition to an energy-saving plan that would reduce power consumption by 1.4 billion kWh through 2015. Chipzilla hopes to achieve zero chemical waste to landfill by 2020.

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World's third largest spam botnet 'Grum' taken down

  Security researchers announced they’ve dismantled the world's third-largest botnet, known as Grum, which is believed to have been responsible for 18% of the world's spam.
The shutdown was a joint effort between California security firm FireEye, the British-based Spamhaus Project, and the Russian-based Computer Security Incident Response Team known as CERT-GIB who worked together and convinced the companies that hosted Grum’s command and control servers to pull the plug on the operation.
Grum relies on two types of control servers: one to push configuration updates to the infected computers that are part of the botnet and another to tell the botnet what spam emails to send.
Initially researchers from FireEye were able to take down two command and control (CnC) servers hosted in the Netherlands of the second kind.
While this crippled the botnet’s operation, remaining CnC servers hosted in Russia, Panama, and a few in Ukraine that cropped up at the last minute in response to the previous shutdowns could still be used to update the botnet and direct it to new spam template servers.
Fortunately, that didn’t happen and yesterday Grum was dealt its final blow as folks in the worldwide security industry collaborated to apply pressure to local ISPs and domain registrars to shut down the remaining servers.
The researchers said the botnet had been using as many as 120,000 infected "zombie" computers to send out spam each day. More than 20,000 computers are apparently still spewing out junk email, but without the active CnCs they will soon be rendered ineffective.
By Jose Vilches

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Google acquires Sparrow

   Email startup Sparrow has been acquired by Google. The company’s CEO Dom Leca announced the news on the company's site and Twitter account, saying that the team behind the popular iOS and Mac email client will be joining the Gmail team to “accomplish a bigger vision”.
  Exactly what that new vision entails is unclear. So far the company been entirely Apple-centric, launching in February 2011 as it sought to capitalize on the rather poor Gmail experience offered to iOS users at the time -- an official app didn’t arrive for Apple’s mobile platform until November last year and the spartan email client that ships with the iPhone and iPad left much to be desired for Gmail users. Sparrow became the top paid and top grossing app in less than one day.
According to a statement sent to 9to5Mac, the team behind Sparrow will continue to make their existing apps available and provide support as well as critical updates to our users, but no new features will be added going forward. Apparently they will be busy with new projects at Google instead, which could mean the focus will shift solely to Android, or simply that the Sparrow email client is no more.
Either way it’s bad news for existing users of Sparrow. Financial terms of the deal have not been disclosed.

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If you've been in an airport, coffee shop, library or hotel recently, chances are you've been right in the middle of a wireless network. Many people also use wireless networking, also called WiFi or 802.11 networking, to connect their computers at home, and some cities are trying to use the technology to provide free or low-cost Internet access to residents. In the near future, wireless networking may become so widespread that you can access the Internet just about anywhere at any time, without using wires.

WiFi has a lot of advantages. Wireless networks are easy to set up and inexpensive. They're also unobtrusive -- unless you're on the lookout for a place to use your laptop, you may not even notice when you're in a hotspot. First, let's go over a few WiFi basics.

What Is WiFi?

A wireless network uses radio waves, just like cell phones, televisions and radios do. In fact, communication across a wireless network is a lot like two-way radio communication. Here's what happens:

1. A computer's wireless adapter translates data into a radio signal and transmits it using an antenna.
2. A wireless router receives the signal and decodes it. The router sends the information to the Internet using a physical, wired Ethernet connection.

The process also works in reverse, with the router receiving information from the Internet, translating it into a radio signal and sending it to the computer's wireless adapter.

The radios used for WiFi communication are very similar to the radios used for walkie-talkies, cell phones and other devices. They can transmit and receive radio waves, and they can convert 1s and 0s into radio waves and convert the radio waves back into 1s and 0s. But WiFi radios have a few notable differences from other radios:

• They transmit at frequencies of 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz. This frequency is considerably higher than the frequencies used for cell phones, walkie-talkies and televisions. The higher frequency allows the signal to carry more data.
• They use 802.11 networking standards, which come in several flavors: 802.11a transmits at 5 GHz and can move up to 54 megabits of data per second. It also uses orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), a more efficient coding technique that splits that radio signal into several sub-signals before they reach a receiver.
• WiFi radios can transmit on any of three frequency bands. Or, they can "frequency hop" rapidly between the different bands.

WiFi Hotspots

If you want to take advantage of public WiFi hotspots or start a wireless network in your home, the first thing you'll need to do is make sure your computer has the right gear. Most new laptops and many new desktop computers come with built-in wireless transmitters. If your laptop doesn't, you can buy awireless adapter that plugs into the PC card slot or USB port. Desktop computers can use USB adapters, or you can buy an adapter that plugs into the PCI slot inside the computer's case. Many of these adapters can use more than one 802.11 standard.

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Mobile broadband..

         "Mobile broadband" is a wireless carrier marketing term for Internet access. Bit rates of broadband support voice and video as well as other data access. Devices that provide mobile broadband to mobile computers include: PC cards also known as PC data card or Connect cards, USB modems, USB sticks often called "dongles", and portable devices with built-in support for mobile broadband (like notebooks, netbooks and Mobile Internet Devices). Notebooks with built-in mobile broadband modules are offered by many laptop manufacturers.
  In 2002, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) established a Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA) working group. They developed the IEEE 802.20 standard in 2008, with amendments in 2010. Another working group, IEEE 802.16, produced standards adopted in products using the WiMAX trademark.
  The global Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) family of standards - which includes GSM, EDGE, WCDMA, HSPA and LTE – is the most widespread way to deliver mobile broadband. 3GPP standards are serving about 90 percent of the world’s mobile subscribers.

After mobile broadband subscribers hit 500 million in 2010, at the end of 2011 Ericsson predicted it will be doubled to a billion. 
   In the United Kingdom, a steering group known as Digital Britain was set up, with the aim of promoting digital telecommunications in October 2008. The conclusion of the steering group was a recommendation that the government took up, namely to have 100% broadband coverage, with a minimum speed of 2Mbps in the United Kingdom by the year 2012. Mobile "broadband" using 3G is now not expected to be able to ensure 2Mbit/s broadband coverage to the more remote areas of the UK as coverage is too poor and contention too high. Another suggestion is Ka Satellite for Rural areas, which may be very cheap by the end of 2010 if Eutelsat's KA-SAT is successfully launched. There is also a smaller Ka Sat in 2010 from Avanti. However Satellite latency is about 790ms.

Generations

Second generation (2G) from 1991: first mobile data services GSM CSD (2G): 9.6 kbit/s GSM GPRS (2.5G): 56 to 115 kbit/s GSM EDGE (2.75G): up to 237 kbit/s

Third generation (3G)  from  2001: UMTS W-CDMA: 0.4 Mbit/s down and up UMTS HSPA: 14.4 Mbit/s down; 5.8 Mbit/s up UMTS TDD: 16 Mbit/s down and up CDMA2000 1xRTT: 0.3 Mbit/s down; 0.15 Mbit/s up CDMA2000 EV-DO: 2.5 to 4.9 Mbit/s down; 0.15 to 1.8 up GSM EDGE-Evolution: 1.6 Mbit/s down; 0.5 Mbit/s up

Fourth generation (4G) from 2006: HSPA+: 21 to 672 Mbit/s down; 5.8 to 168 Mbit/s up Mobile WiMAX (802.16): 37 to 365 Mbit/s down; 17 to 376 Mbit/s up LTE: 100 to 300 Mbit/s down; 50 to 75 Mbit/s up LTE-Advanced: 100 Mbit/s moving at higher speeds to 1 Gbit/s not moving or moving at low speeds MBWA: (802.20): 80 Mbit/s

 

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ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් (මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධතිය‍)

    ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් යනු ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් නම් සමාගම විසින් ජංගම උපකරණ සඳහා නිපදවන ලද මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධතියකි. 2005 දී ගූගල් සමාගම විසින් ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් සමාගම මිලදී ගන්නා ලදී. ලිනක්ස් කර්නලයෙහි සංස්කරණය කරන ලද අනුවාදයක් වන ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ්, විවෘත හා නිදහස් මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධතියක් ලෙස බෙදා හරිනු ලබයි.ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් සතුව දුරකථනවල ක්‍රියාකාරිත්වය වැඩි කරන යෙදවුම් මෘදුකාංග ("apps") ක්‍රමලේඛනය කරන මෘදුකාංග සංවර්ධකයන්ගෙන් සැදුම් ලත් අති විශාල සමූහයක් සිටී. දැනටමත් ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධතිය මත ක්‍රියාත්මක වන යෙදවුම් මෘදුකාංග 250,000 කටත් අධික ප්‍රමාණයක් ලබාගත හැක.

   2005 නොවැම්බර් 5වෙනි දින "විවෘත ජංගම උපකරණ සහයොගීතාවය" නම් වූ හමුවක් ජංගම උපකරණ නිපදවන සමාගම් රැසක සහයෝගීත්වයෙන් ඇතිකරගන්නා ලදී. එම සමගම් නම් බ්‍රොඩ්කොම් සමාගම , ගූගල්, එච්.ටී.සී, ඉන්ටෙල්, එල්.ජී, මාවෙල් තාක්ෂනින එකමුතුව,මෝටරෝලා, එන්වීඩියා, ක්වල් කොම්,සැම්සුන්, නෙක්ස්ට්ටෙල්, ටී-මොබයිල් සහ ටෙක්සාස් උපකරණ සමාගමයි.මේ එකමුතුවේ අරමුණ වුයේ ජංගම දුරකථන සදහා විවෘත ක්‍රමවේදයක් සකස් කර ගැනීමයි.එදිනම විසින් තම ප්‍රථම නිපයුම වන ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් නැමති ලිනක්ස් නිකුතු 2.6 මත ගොඩනගනූ ලැබු ජංගම දුරකථන මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධතිය එලි දක්වන ලදී. 2008 දෙසැම්බර් 9 දින තවත් සමාගම් 16ක් මීට ඇතුලත් විය. ඒ අතර වෝඩෆොන් , හුවාවි සහ තවත් සමාගම් වෙයි.

  ප්‍රථම නිකුතුවෙන් පසු නව සංස්කරණයන් කීපයක් ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් සදහා නිකුත් කරන ලදී. සමාන්‍යයෙන් නව සංස්කරණ සදහා සංකේත නාම ලෙස යොදා ගනු ලබන්නේ අතුරුපස නාමයන් වෙයි. එසේම එම නම් ඉංග්‍රීසි භාෂාවේ අකාරාදී පිලිවෙළට සකස්කර ඇත.

• 1.5 (කප් කේක්) - මූලිකව ජංගම දුරකථන සදහා
• 1.6 (ඩෝනට්) - මූලිකව ජංගම දුරකථන සදහා
• 2.0 (ඉක්ලෙයා) - මූලිකව ජංගම දුරකථන සදහා
• 2.1 (ඉක්ලෙයා)- මූලිකව ජංගම දුරකථන සදහා
• 2.2 (ෆ්‍රොයෝ )- මූලිකව ජංගම දුරකථන සදහා
• 2.3 (ජීන්ජර්බ්‍රේඩ්)- මූලිකව ජංගම දුරකථන සදහා
• 3.0 (හනිකොම්බ්)-ට්‍රැබ්ලට් පරිඝණක සදහා
• 3.1 (හනිකොම්බ්)'-ට්‍රැබ්ලට් පරිඝණක සදහා
• 3.2 (හනිකොම්බ්)'-ට්‍රැබ්ලට් පරිඝණක සදහා
• 4.0 (අයිස් ක්‍රීම් සැන්ඩ්ව්ච් )-ට්‍රැබ්ලට් පරිඝණක හා ජංගම දුරකථන සදහා

මෝටරෝලා සමාගම මගින් 2011-ඔක්තොම්බර් මස එළිදක්වන ලද ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් RAZR ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් ,අයිස් ක්‍රීම් සැන්ඩ්ව්ච් ආනුවාදය මුලින්මයොදාගනු ලබන ජංගම දුරකථනයයි.

ගූගල් ප්ලේ යනු ගූගල් සමාගම මගින් පවත්වාගෙන යනු ලබන ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් දුරකථන සඳහා මෘදුකාංග, ගේම්ස්, ගීත, ඊ-පොත්, චිත්‍රපට ආදිය නොමිලේ හා මුදල් ලබාදී ගත හැකි වෙබ් සේවයකි. ලෝකය පුරා සිටින ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් ඇප්ස් මෘදුකාංග නිර්මාපකයින් මෙම "වෙළදපොල" තුලින් තම ඇප්ස් නිශ්පදන ගැනුම් කරුවන් ( ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් පරිශීලකයන් ) වෙත මුදලට හා නොමිලයේ ලබා දේ.

  ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් මෙහෙයුම් පද්ධතිය‍ නිල වශයෙන් හෝ විධිමත් ලෙස සිංහල අකුරු සඳහා සහාය නොදක්වයි. එනමුත් SETT නම් බ්‍රව්සරයක් යොදා ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් යොදා ගන්නා උපකරණ වලින් සිංහල අක්ෂර කියවිය හැකිය. ඇන්ඩ්‍රොයිඩ් මෘදුකාංගයක් මගින් රූට් කර සිංහල භාෂාව යුනිකේත භාවිතයට ගත හැකිය,16:23, 21 ජනවාරි 2012 (යූටීසී)
තවද Opera mini බ්‍රව්සරය මගින්ද සිංහල අක්ෂර කියවිය හැකිය.
ඒ සදහා පහත ක්‍රම අනුගමනය කරන්න,
1. Opera mini බ්‍රව්සරයේ ලිපිනය සඳහන් කරන තීරුව (address bar) තුල config: ලෙස සඳහන් කර Go බොත්තම ඔබන්න.
2.Use bitmap fonts for Complex scripts (විවෘත වන නව පිටුවේ අවසානයට ඇති තීරුව) ඇති තීරුවේ තිබෙන චෙක් බොක්ස් එක yes සකසා save බොත්තම ඔබන්න

මෙම ආකාරයට සැකසුම් සෑදීමෙන් වෙබ් පිටුවල ඇති සිංහල අක්ෂර කියවීමට හැකි අතර මෙම ක්‍රමය මගින් සාර්ථක ලෙස සිංහල අක්ෂර ලබා ගැනීමට නොහැකි වූවත් එය යම්තාක් දුරට සිංහල අක්ෂර කියවීමට ඔබට උපකාරී වේ.

 

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